OVERVIEW
The DLSU Business & Economics Review (DLSUBER) publishes high quality theoretical, empirical, and methodological research in the fields of accounting, business management, commercial law, economics, finance, and marketing. The DLSU Business & Economics Review aims to reach an audience in these six fields and is published twice a year. It is listed in SciVerse Scopus since 2011 and abstracted and Indexed in EBSCO since 2009. It is listed in the ASEAN Citation Index since 2015. It is also included in the Commission on Higher Education Journal Challenge Program since 2017.
Annual Subscription Rates: Foreign libraries and institutions: US$40 (surface mail), US$50 (airmail). Individuals: US$25 (surface mail), US$35 (airmail). Philippine domestic subscription rates for libraries and institutions: Php1,500, individuals: Php1,300. Please contact Ms. Joanne T. Castañares for subscription details: telefax: (632) 523-4281, e-mail: [email protected]
EDITORIAL BOARD
Editor-in-Chief Emeritus
Tereso S. Tullao, Jr.
De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
Email: [email protected]
Editor-in-Chief
Marites M. Tiongco
De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
Email: [email protected]
Lawrence Dacuycuy
February 2022 – September 2022
Associate Editors
Arnel Onesimo O. Uy
De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
Email: [email protected]
Christopher James R. Cabuay
De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
Email: [email protected]
Editorial Assistant
Daisy R. Mojares
De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
Email: [email protected]
INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY BOARD
Mary P. Arends-Kuenning
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
Wakhid Slamet Ciptono
Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Erwin L. Corong
Purdue University, United States of America
Michael Angelo A. Cortez
Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University, Beppu, Oita, Japan
Jesus C. Dumagan
De La Salle University Manila, Philippines
Divina M. Edralin
De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
Regina A. Greenwood
H. Wayne Huizenga College of Businesses and Entrepreneurship
Sirada Jarutakanont
Burapha, University, Chonburi, Thailand
Awang Hazri bin Haji Kifle
Deputy Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Health, Brunei Darussalam
Mari Lizuka (Mari Kondo)
Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
Masayuki Kondo
Tokyo Denki University
Kong-Rae Lee
Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, South Korea
Tai Wei Lim
SIM University (UniSIM), Singapore
Joriah Muhammad
Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
Stephen Robert Nagy
International Christian University, Tokyo, Japan
Epictetus E. Patalinghug
University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
Alfredo Paloyo
University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
Cesar C. Rufino
De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
Changrok Soh
Korea University, Seoul, Korea
Maria Claret M. Ruane
University of Guam, Guam, USA
Michael J. Sullivan
University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
Benito L. Teehankee
De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
Angelo A. Unite
De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
Shujiro Urata
Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
Maria Estela Varua
University of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Delano Villanueva
Former Visiting Professor, De La Salle University, Manila
Renato Villano
University of New England
Yongqin Wang
Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Futoshi Yamauchi
The World Bank, Washington D.C., USA